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Working with Tidy Financial Data in tidyr – Part II

Working with Tidy Financial Data in tidyr – Part II

Posted November 4, 2020 at 11:59 am
Kris Longmore
Robot Wealth

See Part I to get started with the necessary data and R packages.

The practical reality

A good rule of thumb (and one that we follow) is to keep your data in long format whenever you’re doing any data manipulation or processing and save wide format for displaying it.

Of course, there are exceptions and sometimes you have a reason not to do your processing in long format, for instance when a function requires a wide data frame.

That means that in reality, you’ll often find yourself wanting to switch between long and wide format. Fortunately, Fortunately, using the tidyr package, it is very simple to convert from long to wide format and back again.

Pivoting from long to wide

We’ve already seen an example of pivoting from long to wide format. Let’s explore that in a little more detail.

We use tidyr::pivot_wider to go from long to wide.

The most important arguments to the function are id_colsnames_from and values_from, and they each specify a column in our long dataframe.

  • The id_cols column specifies the unique identifier of each observation in our wide data frame.
  • The unique values in the names_from column become the column names in the wide data frame.
  • The values in the values_from column gets populated into the cells of the wide data frame.

In our example:

  • We want to index our wide dataframe by date, so we specify id_cols = date
  • We want the tickers to form columns in the wide dataframe, so we specify names_from = ticker
  • We want to populate our wide dataframe with returns values, so we specify values_from = returns

Here’s what that looks like:

dailyindex_df %>%
pivot_wider(id_cols = date, names_from = ticker, values_from = returns) %>%
kable() %>%
kable_styling(position = ‘center') %>%
scroll_box(width = ‘800px', height = ‘300px')

date EQ_US EQ_NONUS_DEV EQ_EMER TN_US TB_US BOND_EMER GOLD
2020-03-02 0.0460048 0.0111621 0.0114468 -0.0008475 -0.0073579 0.0051502 0.0179376
2020-03-03 -0.0280740 0.0097820 0.0106093 0.0093299 0.0154987 0.0093937 0.0311450
2020-03-04 0.0422302 0.0062777 0.0097196 -0.0016807 -0.0099536 0.0059222 -0.0008743
2020-03-05 -0.0336854 -0.0014521 0.0014743 0.0050505 0.0227882 -0.0067283 0.0151949
2020-03-06 -0.0170369 -0.0232132 -0.0262282 0.0041876 0.0498034 -0.0076207 0.0026644
2020-03-09 -0.0761665 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0041701 0.0262172 0.0000000 0.0018757
2020-03-10 0.0494037 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0091362 -0.0486618 -0.0477816 -0.0091271
2020-03-11 -0.0487713 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0025147 -0.0108696 -0.0206093 -0.0107857
2020-03-12 -0.0949084 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008403 -0.0155139 0.0000000 -0.0317549
2020-03-13 0.0931900 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0058774 -0.0216678 -0.0439158 -0.0462765
2020-03-16 -0.1197921 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0126689 0.0510067 -0.0325359 -0.0203396
2020-03-17 0.0597801 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0133445 -0.0587484 -0.0197824 0.0265681
2020-03-18 -0.0517360 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0067625 -0.0434193 -0.0544904 -0.0311081
2020-03-19 0.0047010 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0017021 0.0007092 -0.0234792 0.0011498
2020-03-20 -0.0431907 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0144435 0.0652020 0.0142077 0.0039756
2020-03-23 -0.0292942 -0.2532532 0.0000000 0.0083752 0.0419162 -0.0215517 0.0568462
2020-03-24 0.0939740 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0041528 -0.0051086 0.0121145 0.0575354
2020-03-25 0.0115569 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008340 -0.0064185 0.0315560 -0.0174002
2020-03-26 0.0624207 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0016667 0.0064599 0.0295359 0.0159455
2020-03-27 -0.0336616 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0049917 0.0237484 -0.0081967 -0.0037858
2020-03-30 0.0336403 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0008278 -0.0050157 -0.0144628 -0.0065711
2020-03-31 -0.0159221 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0016570 -0.0144928 0.0115304 -0.0283711
2020-04-01 -0.0441380 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008299 0.0147059 -0.0124352 -0.0032808
2020-04-02 0.0230223 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008292 0.0056711 0.0000000 0.0291310

Could that be any easier?

Actually, yes!

id_cols defaults to any column or columns that aren’t specified by the names_from and values_from arguments. So in our case, we could actually not even bother with the id_cols argument:

date EQ_US EQ_NONUS_DEV EQ_EMER TN_US TB_US BOND_EMER GOLD
2020-03-02 0.0460048 0.0111621 0.0114468 -0.0008475 -0.0073579 0.0051502 0.0179376
2020-03-03 -0.0280740 0.0097820 0.0106093 0.0093299 0.0154987 0.0093937 0.0311450
2020-03-04 0.0422302 0.0062777 0.0097196 -0.0016807 -0.0099536 0.0059222 -0.0008743
2020-03-05 -0.0336854 -0.0014521 0.0014743 0.0050505 0.0227882 -0.0067283 0.0151949
2020-03-06 -0.0170369 -0.0232132 -0.0262282 0.0041876 0.0498034 -0.0076207 0.0026644
2020-03-09 -0.0761665 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0041701 0.0262172 0.0000000 0.0018757
2020-03-10 0.0494037 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0091362 -0.0486618 -0.0477816 -0.0091271
2020-03-11 -0.0487713 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0025147 -0.0108696 -0.0206093 -0.0107857
2020-03-12 -0.0949084 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008403 -0.0155139 0.0000000 -0.0317549
2020-03-13 0.0931900 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0058774 -0.0216678 -0.0439158 -0.0462765
2020-03-16 -0.1197921 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0126689 0.0510067 -0.0325359 -0.0203396
2020-03-17 0.0597801 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0133445 -0.0587484 -0.0197824 0.0265681
2020-03-18 -0.0517360 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0067625 -0.0434193 -0.0544904 -0.0311081
2020-03-19 0.0047010 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0017021 0.0007092 -0.0234792 0.0011498
2020-03-20 -0.0431907 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0144435 0.0652020 0.0142077 0.0039756
2020-03-23 -0.0292942 -0.2532532 0.0000000 0.0083752 0.0419162 -0.0215517 0.0568462
2020-03-24 0.0939740 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0041528 -0.0051086 0.0121145 0.0575354
2020-03-25 0.0115569 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008340 -0.0064185 0.0315560 -0.0174002
2020-03-26 0.0624207 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0016667 0.0064599 0.0295359 0.0159455
2020-03-27 -0.0336616 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0049917 0.0237484 -0.0081967 -0.0037858
2020-03-30 0.0336403 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0008278 -0.0050157 -0.0144628 -0.0065711
2020-03-31 -0.0159221 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0016570 -0.0144928 0.0115304 -0.0283711
2020-04-01 -0.0441380 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008299 0.0147059 -0.0124352 -0.0032808
2020-04-02 0.0230223 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0008292 0.0056711 0.0000000 0.0291310

Same result as above. Brilliant.

Stay tuned for the next installment in which Kris will discuss Pivoting from wide to long.

Visit Robot Wealth website to read the full article and watch the instructional video: https://robotwealth.com/working-with-tidy-financial-data-in-tidyr/

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