A per se Professional Client is a client that is presumed to have the experience, knowledge and expertise to make their own investment decisions and properly assess the risks involved.
These Include:
- Entities that must be authorised or regulated to operate in financial markets, such as:
- banks;
- investment firms;
- other authorised or regulated financial institutions;
- insurance companies;
- collective investment schemes and their management companies;
- pension funds and their management companies;
- commodity and commodity derivatives dealers;
- locals; and
- other institutional investors.
- Large businesses
(for MiFID or equivalent third‑country business) that meet at least two of the following on an individual basis:
-
- balance sheet total: EUR 20,000,000;
- net turnover: EUR 40,000,000;
- own funds: EUR 2,000,000.
- National and regional governments
Including public bodies that manage public debt, central banks, international and supranational institutions such as the World Bank, IMF, ECB, EIB and similar organisations.
- Other institutional investors
Whose main role is to invest in financial instruments, including those involved in asset securitisation or other financing deals.