{"id":187291,"date":"2023-03-24T10:45:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-24T14:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/?p=187291"},"modified":"2023-03-24T10:22:27","modified_gmt":"2023-03-24T14:22:27","slug":"a-case-for-investing-in-innovation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/traders-insight\/securities\/macro\/a-case-for-investing-in-innovation\/","title":{"rendered":"A Case for Investing in Innovation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Powerful technological advances fuel economic growth by enabling economies to create more value with fewer inputs. That\u2019s been true since the invention of the steam engine during the first Industrial Revolution to the Fourth Industrial Revolution still unfolding now.<br><br>Today the speed and impact of technological breakthroughs are exponential and unprecedented. Easy access to super computing power; rapid developments in artificial intelligence; robotics and automation; hyperconnectivity between the physical and digital world; and biological innovations are the driving forces behind technological breakthroughs that continue to transform society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And yet, many portfolios lack exposures to innovation. Therefore, the question for investors becomes how best to identify and capture the economic benefits of innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-innovation-premium-delivers-capital-appreciation\">Innovation Premium Delivers Capital Appreciation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For some investors, innovation stocks may seem just too risky. And it\u2019s true that companies developing and leading technological innovation face greater risks \u2014 from the cost of completion and uncertain future cash flows to the risk of obsolescence.<sup>1<\/sup>&nbsp;But there is something that compensates investors for taking on these risks: the Innovation Premium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Empirical research shows companies that drive technological innovation deliver higher shareholder returns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Companies ranked in the top 20% for innovation had double the shareholder returns of their industry peers, according to research by Arthur D. Little, the world\u2019s first management consulting firm, which examined the shareholder returns of 338 Fortune 500 companies between 1987 and 1996.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And strong research &amp; development (R&amp;D) activity, an important driver of innovation, correlates to significant positive stock returns that asset pricing models like Fama-French 5-factor and 3-factor models cannot explain.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the Innovation Premium may be attractive, it\u2019s important to understand why innovative companies tend to outperform. Some researchers argue that innovative companies are able to provide higher quality products and services and create a wide economic moat, leading to greater pricing power and higher profitability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other researchers consider outperformance through a behavioral finance lens. Certainly, uncertainties along the path from patents to final products, the velocity of disruption, new products\u2019 impacts on competition and industry structure, and long-deferred profits are all \u00acchallenging for investors to analyze. And the difficulty in processing this less tangible information can cause markets to underreact to news about the prospects of firms\u2019 innovations, resulting in the mispricing of innovation stocks.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-capture-early-stage-growth-of-innovation-companies\">Capture Early Stage Growth of Innovation Companies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Taking advantage of mispriced innovative stocks requires identifying and investing in innovative companies in their early stages. For example, some of the most-recognized innovative brands \u2014 Amazon, Netflix, Microsoft, and Apple Inc. \u2014 were included in the S&amp;P 500 Index more than eight years after filing their initial public offering (IPO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By the time Apple Inc. was included, the iPhone had already been in market for two years and was the company\u2019s largest contributor to revenue growth. In fact, all of the aforementioned innovative companies experienced significant revenue growth and stock price appreciation and outperformed the broad market for many years before being included in the S&amp;P 500 Index, as shown below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the underrepresentation of innovators in the S&amp;P 500 Index in their early days, most investors\u2019 portfolios likely missed out on significant capital appreciation during the initial stage of growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1100\" height=\"599\" data-src=\"\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-1100x599.jpeg\" alt=\"innovation leaders delivered strong growth and performance before joining the S&amp;P 500 Index\" class=\"wp-image-187292 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-1100x599.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-700x381.jpeg 700w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-300x163.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-768x418.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv-1536x836.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/innovation-leaders-deliv.jpeg 1800w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1100px; aspect-ratio: 1100\/599;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exponential Growth Creates Long-term Investment Opportunities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Since innovative companies derive a large percentage of their value from future inventions \u2014 and from future cash flows generated by the monetization of those inventions \u2014 uncertainty around new technology development, customer adoption, and market structure change can impact their valuations significantly. Changes to the risk-free rate and investors\u2019 risk sentiment also drive big valuation movements by impacting discount rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But because secular innovation trends can transcend monetary and market cycles, innovation stocks offer greater capital appreciation potential than the broad market over long-term investment horizons. In other words, innovation trends can supersede financial market boom and bust cycles and reward investors over the long term. A good example of this? The internet services and infrastructure industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the eight years between 1995 and 2002, the Federal Reserve Bank conducted two rate-hiking cycles, increasing the policy rate from 3% to 6% between 1994 and 1995 and from 4.6% to 6.5% between 1999 and 2000. During the same period, internet services and infrastructure stocks saw seven of their largest yearly drawdowns ever. But none of those reversed the exponential increase in internet users and internet use cases that supported the industry\u2019s incredible growth, which ultimately drove its outperformance over the broad market and the broader Technology sector in the subsequent 20 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1100\" height=\"599\" data-src=\"\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-1100x599.jpeg\" alt=\"Secular innovation trends can outperform over the long term\" class=\"wp-image-187293 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-1100x599.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-700x381.jpeg 700w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-300x163.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-768x418.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend-1536x836.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/secular-innovation-trend.jpeg 1800w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1100px; aspect-ratio: 1100\/599;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssga.com\/us\/en\/institutional\/etfs\/insights\/a-case-for-investing-in-innovation\">Click here to read the full article<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Footnotes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><sup>1&nbsp;<\/sup>Richard P. Rumelt, \u201cTheory, Strategy and Entrepreneurship,\u201d 1987.<br><sup>2&nbsp;<\/sup>Ronald S. Jonash and Tom Sommerlatte,\u201dThe Innovation Premium: Capturing the Value of Creativity,\u201d 1999.<br><sup>3&nbsp;<\/sup>Alessandro Grandi, Bronwyn H. Hall, Raffaele Oriani, \u201cR&amp;D and Financial Investors,\u201d UC Berkeley, 2009.<br><sup>4<\/sup>&nbsp;David Hirshleifer, Po-Hsuan Hsu, Dongmei Li, \u201cInnovative Efficiency and Stock Returns,\u201d Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 107, 2013.<br><sup>5<\/sup>Holmes and Schitz (1990), Ueda (1997) and Takii (1999), \u201cThe Information Technology Revolution and the Stock Market: Evidence.\u201d<br><sup>6<\/sup>&nbsp;Holmes and Schitz (1990), Ueda (1997) and Takii (1999), \u201cThe Information Technology Revolution and the Stock Market: Evidence.\u201d<br><sup>7<\/sup>&nbsp;Dane Rook, Adam Salvatori, John van Moyland, and Paul Rosa, \u201cInnovation Patterns: Upgrading Sectoral Classification for the Fourth Industrial Revolution,\u201d March 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Glossary<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fama French Three Factor Model<br><\/strong>An asset pricing model named after economists Eugene Fama and Kenneth French that expands on the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) by adding size and value factors to CAPM\u2019s market risk, or beta, factor. The Fama-French model is based on data showing that value and small-cap stocks outperform markets regularly. In the fund industry, Fama and French\u2019s insights fueled the rise of style boxes and, more recently, the rise of \u2018smart beta\u2019 indices and ETFs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)<br><\/strong>A private, non-profit, non-partisan group that conducts economic research and disseminates findings among academics, public policy makers, and business professionals. Key focus areas include developing new statistical measurements, estimating quantitative models of economic behavior, and analyzing effects of public policies. NBER data surrounding the occurrence and duration of recessions are frequently cited across the financial services industry. NBER is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S&amp;P 500\u00ae Index<br><\/strong>A popular benchmark for U.S. large-cap equities that includes 500 companies from leading industries and captures approximately 80% coverage of available market capitalization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Originally Posted March 10, 2023 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssga.com\/us\/en\/institutional\/etfs\/insights\/a-case-for-investing-in-innovation\">A Case for Investing in Innovation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Risk Disclosure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Investing involves risk including the risk of loss of principal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The information provided does not constitute investment advice and it should not be relied on as such. It should not be considered a solicitation to buy or an offer to sell a security. It does not take into account any investor\u2019s particular investment objectives, strategies, tax status or investment horizon. You should consult your tax and financial advisor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The trademarks and service marks referenced herein are the property of their respective owners. Third party data providers make no warranties or representations of any kind relating to the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of the data and have no liability for damages of any kind relating to the use of such data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KENSHO\u00ae is a registered service mark of Kensho Technologies Inc. (&#8220;Kensho&#8221;), and all Kensho financial indices in the Kensho New Economies\u00ae family and such indices&#8217; corresponding service marks have been licensed by the Licensee in connection with the SPDR Kensho Intelligent Structures ETF, SPDR Kensho Smart Mobility ETF, SPDR Kensho Future Security ETF, SPDR Kensho Clean Power ETF, SPDR Kensho Final Frontiers ETF and SPDR Kensho New Economies Composite ETF (collectively, the &#8220;SPDR ETFs&#8221;). The SPDR ETFs are not marketed, sold, or sponsored by Kensho, Kensho\u2019s affiliates, or Kensho&#8217;s third party licensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kensho is not an investment adviser or broker-dealer and Kensho makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in any investment fund, other investment vehicle, security or other financial product regardless of whether or not it is based on, derived from, or included as a constituent of any Kensho New Economies<sup>\u00a9<\/sup> family index. Kensho bears no responsibility or liability for any business decision, input, recommendation, or action taken based on Kensho indices or any products based on, derived from, or included as a constituent of any such index. All referenced names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Concentrated investments in a particular sector or industry tend to be more volatile than the overall market and increases risk that events negatively affecting such sectors or industries could reduce returns, potentially causing the value of the Fund\u2019s shares to decrease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The whole or any part of this work may not be reproduced, copied or transmitted or any of its contents disclosed to third parties without SSGA\u2019s express written consent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All information is from SSGA unless otherwise noted and has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but its accuracy is not guaranteed. There is no representation or warranty as to the current accuracy, reliability or completeness of, nor liability for, decisions based on such information and it should not be relied on as such<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diversification does not ensure a profit or guarantee against loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Non-diversified funds that focus on a relatively small number of securities tend to be more volatile than diversified funds and the market as a whole.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many portfolios lack exposures to innovation. Therefore, the question for investors becomes how best to identify and capture the economic benefits of innovation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":490,"featured_media":187292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,6,8,9,26,3],"tags":[1007,14164],"contributors-categories":[13643],"class_list":{"0":"post-187291","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-macro","8":"category-north-america","9":"category-region","10":"category-securities","11":"category-text-articles","12":"category-traders-insight","13":"tag-innovation","14":"tag-portfolio-investing","15":"contributors-categories-state-street-global-advisors"},"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Case for Investing in Innovation | Traders&#039; Insight<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Many portfolios lack exposures to innovation. 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