{"id":186836,"date":"2023-03-16T10:01:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T14:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/?p=186836"},"modified":"2023-03-17T10:14:55","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T14:14:55","slug":"artificial-intelligence-the-past-the-present-and-the-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/artificial-intelligence-the-past-the-present-and-the-future\/","title":{"rendered":"Artificial Intelligence: the Past, the Present and the Future"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The article &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/alphaarchitect.com\/2023\/03\/artificial-intelligence\/\">Artificial Intelligence: the Past, the Present and the Future<\/a>&#8221; first appeared on Alpha Architect blog.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article examines the state of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We analyze its history with an eye toward what it may mean for the world in years to come.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The brief history of artificial intelligence: the world has changed fast \u2013 what might be next?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Max Roser<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Our World in Data, 2022<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A version of this paper can be found&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/brief-history-of-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Want to read our summaries of academic finance papers? Check out our&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/alphaarchitect.com\/category\/architect-academic-insights\/academic-research-insight\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Academic Research Insight<\/a>&nbsp;category<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-the-research-questions\">What are the Research Questions?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The author analyzes the world of computers and AI and asks the following questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How did we get here?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where are we now?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What is next?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the Academic Insights?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. The picture below, taken from the original article (Roser, 2022), shows the timeline of how artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved through time:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/2023-02-07-10_23_48-The-brief-history-of-artificial-intelligence-alpha-architect-1100x329.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-186837 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1100px; aspect-ratio: 1100\/329;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the beginning of the \u201940s with electronic computers and the \u201950s with Theseus, a remote-controlled mouse capable of finding its way out of a labyrinth, to nowadays with systems capable of language and image recognition. For example, language recognition systems are now beating humans in&nbsp;tests&nbsp;in many domains, emails get auto-completed, online texts get translated, students use language models to do their homework, and media outlets publish&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-021-00530-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AI-generated journalism<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Artificial intelligence is now fully present in our everyday life and is no longer a technology of the future. Examples are in the airline business with AI deciding the price you pay for a plane ticket as well as helping pilots fly to your destination; in the labour market with AI systems selecting candidates for jobs; in banking with these systems assigning loans and in social media usage with AI deciding what you see just to name a few.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Based on past experience where &nbsp;training computation went from doubling roughly every 20 months to doubling in just about six months, several studies (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alignmentforum.org\/posts\/AfH2oPHCApdKicM4m\/two-year-update-on-my-personal-ai-timelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cotra, 2020 and 2022<\/a>;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/ai-timelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Roser, 2022<\/a>) predict that \u201chuman brain-level\u201d artificial intelligence will be developed within the next decades, and some believe that it will exist much sooner.<a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/brief-history-of-ai#language-and-image-recognition-capabilities-of-ai-systems-are-now-comparable-to-those-of-humans\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-does-artificial-intelligence-matter\">Why does Artificial Intelligence matter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The wide range of listed applications makes clear that this is a very general technology that people can use for some extremely good goals \u2013 and some extraordinarily bad ones, too. Thus, it is paramount that all of us understand what is happening and how we want the technology to be used. Reviewing resources at this link is a good starting point to build an informed opinion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-most-important-chart-from-the-paper\">The Most Important Chart from the Paper:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/alpha-architect-ai.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-186839 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The results are hypothetical results and are NOT an indicator of future results and do NOT represent returns that any investor actually attained.&nbsp; Indexes are unmanaged and do not reflect management or trading fees, and one cannot invest directly in an index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-abstract\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite their brief history, computers and AI have fundamentally changed what we see, what we know, and what we do. Little is as important for the future of the world, and our own lives, as how this history continues.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article examines the state of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We analyze its history with an eye toward what it may mean for the world in years to come.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":152,"featured_media":181840,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[339,338,341,351,344],"tags":[14939,806],"contributors-categories":[13651],"class_list":["post-186836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-data-science","category-ibkr-quant-news","category-quant-development","category-quant-europe","category-quant-regions","tag-artificial-intelligence-ai","tag-data-science","contributors-categories-alpha-architect"],"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Artificial Intelligence: the Past, the Present and the Future<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article examines the state of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 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