{"id":118549,"date":"2022-01-11T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-11T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/?p=118549"},"modified":"2023-03-14T10:25:41","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T14:25:41","slug":"what-do-mutual-fund-investors-really-care-about","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/what-do-mutual-fund-investors-really-care-about\/","title":{"rendered":"What Do Mutual Fund Investors Really Care About?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>The post &#8220;What Do Mutual Fund Investors Really Care About?&#8221; first appeared on <a href=\"https:\/\/alphaarchitect.com\/2022\/01\/06\/what-do-mutual-fund-investors-really-care-about\/\">Alpha Architect Blog<\/a>. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Itzhak Ben-David, Jiacui Li, Andrea Rossi, and Yang Song contribute to the literature on the behavior of individual investors with their July 2021 study \u201cWhat Do Mutual Fund Investors Really Care About?\u201d, published in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rfs\/advance-article-abstract\/doi\/10.1093\/rfs\/hhab081\/6321465?redirectedFrom=fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">July 2021 issue of The Review of Financial Studies<\/a>. They began by noting that while researchers agree that fund flows are strongly correlated with past performance, there is little agreement as to how to interpret this empirical phenomenon\u2014are individual investors just exhibiting a recency bias in chasing returns, or do fund flows reflect investors learning about fund manager\u2019s skill, continually assessing them and reallocating capital accordingly as theorized by Jonathan Berk and Richard Green in their 2004 study \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=383061\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mutual Fund Flows and Performance in Rational Markets<\/a>\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To determine if individuals are just na\u00efve performance chasers, unaware of the financial literature, or whether they are sophisticated investors Ben-David, Li, Rossi, and Song examined mutual fund flows spanning the period 1991-2017. Returns were analyzed in both raw terms as well as compared to the CAPM, the Fama-French three-factor model (market beta, size, and value), and the Fama-French four-factor model (adding momentum).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Following is a summary of their findings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Individuals are simple decision makers who invest using easily obtainable information and do not adjust fund performance using asset pricing models.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simple performance-chasing behavior explained the major flow patterns observed in the mutual fund market.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Individual investors do not engage in sophisticated learning about managers\u2019 alpha-generating ability and do not distinguish between fund returns attributable to risk factor exposure versus alpha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Morningstar star ratings and past unadjusted returns best explained which funds attracted flows, with both ratings and unadjusted returns having strong independent effects on flows\u2014fund rankings based on alphas from common asset pricing models do not help to predict flows better than unadjusted returns-based rankings. In some econometric specifications, funds with high alphas received significantly lower flows than funds with high unadjusted returns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Performance chasing occurs regardless of whether funds are actively managed or are passive index trackers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"526\" data-src=\"\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/alpha-architect-mutual-funds.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-118714 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/alpha-architect-mutual-funds.png 800w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/alpha-architect-mutual-funds-700x460.png 700w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/alpha-architect-mutual-funds-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/alpha-architect-mutual-funds-768x505.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; aspect-ratio: 800\/526;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>The results are hypothetical results and are NOT an indicator of future results and do NOT represent returns that any investor actually attained. Indexes are unmanaged, do not reflect management or trading fees, and one cannot invest directly in an index.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their findings led Ben-David, Li, Rossi, and Song to conclude:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cOur results are consistent with the view that, on average, households are homo sapiens with limited financial sophistication rather than hyperrational alpha-maximizing agents, as often assumed in the literature.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>They added:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cWe find no evidence that investors treat alpha and beta returns differently.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>This adds more to our argument that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/alphaarchitect.com\/2016\/02\/02\/even-god-would-get-fired-as-an-active-investor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Even God Would Get Fired as an Active Investor<\/a>. They also observed that their findings are consistent with those of many other studies which have found that\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201chouseholds often engage in sub-optimal financial decision-making in a variety of domains (e.g., banking fees, credit cards, mortgages). This behavior has been attributed to several factors: poor financial literacy, extensive use of rules of thumb, and behavioral biases. Most households exhibit low levels of financial literacy, and many are not familiar with basic concepts of investing such as compounded interest, risk, diversification, and inflation. More broadly, households use a myriad of rules of thumbs to manage their financial affairs.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>They noted that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rfs\/article-abstract\/23\/4\/1405\/1591053\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the research<\/a>&nbsp;has found that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201ceven highly educated and intelligent individuals (with SAT scores above the 98th percentile) chase uninformative index fund returns.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the recent performance of mutual funds is not a good predictor of future returns, chasing returns is not a good strategy. The bottom line is that investors would be better served if instead of acting as homo sapiens, they acted as economists theorize, as rational&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/ask\/answers\/08\/homo-economicus.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">homo economicus<\/a>. Which are you?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-important-disclosures\">Important Disclosures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The information presented herein is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as specific investment, accounting, legal or tax advice. Certain information may be based on third-party data that may become outdated or otherwise superseded without notice. Third-party information is deemed to be reliable, but its accuracy and completeness cannot be guaranteed. By clicking on any of the links above, you acknowledge that they are solely for your convenience, and do not necessarily imply any affiliations, sponsorships, endorsements or representations whatsoever by us regarding third-party Web sites. We are not responsible for the content, availability or privacy policies of these sites, and shall not be responsible or liable for any information, opinions, advice, products or services available on or through them. The opinions expressed by featured authors are their own and may not accurately reflect those of the Buckingham Strategic Wealth\u00ae or Buckingham Strategic Partners\u00ae (collectively Buckingham Wealth Partners). LSR-21-135<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Itzhak Ben-David, Jiacui Li, Andrea Rossi, and Yang Song contribute to the literature on the behavior of individual investors with their July 2021 study \u201cWhat Do Mutual Fund Investors Really Care About?\u201d, published in the July 2021 issue of The Review of Financial Studies. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":298,"featured_media":102599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[339,338,341,352,344],"tags":[9446,7879,1006,8196],"contributors-categories":[13651],"class_list":{"0":"post-118549","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-data-science","8":"category-ibkr-quant-news","9":"category-quant-development","10":"category-quant-north-america","11":"category-quant-regions","12":"tag-capm-model","13":"tag-fama-french","14":"tag-fintech","15":"tag-mutual-funds","16":"contributors-categories-alpha-architect"},"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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