{"id":115393,"date":"2021-12-21T11:33:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-21T16:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/?p=115393"},"modified":"2022-11-21T09:50:16","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T14:50:16","slug":"dijkstra-algorithm-part-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/","title":{"rendered":"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>See the previous installments in this series to learn more about Dijkstra Algorithm<\/em>.<em>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-i\/\">Part I<\/a>&nbsp;offers an overview of Dijkstra algorithm and&nbsp;<a href=\"\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-ii\/\">Part II<\/a>&nbsp;provides pseudo code of Dijkstra algorithm. <a href=\"\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-iii\/\">Part III<\/a>&nbsp;demonstrates a comparison with other algorithms and <a href=\"\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-iv\/\">Part IV<\/a> presents the&nbsp;shortest path using the Dijkstra algorithm.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-does-the-dijkstra-algorithm-fail-for-negative-weights\">Why does the Dijkstra algorithm fail for negative weights?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as&nbsp;<strong>Bellman-Ford<\/strong>\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For us who are trying to do quantitative trading, this is not a minor problem, but quite the opposite. It is a big problem if we want to use this technique for trading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the applications we have of Dijkstra algorithm is currency arbitrage, where each node is a currency and each vertex addresses, telling us the exchange rate. We can therefore construct a graph for this scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As we have seen, the Dijkstra algorithm finds the optimal solution to obtain the shortest path in a graph from an origin to the rest of its nodes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This algorithm has application in countless problems that can be represented as a graph or tree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It differs from the Kruskal algorithm and Prim algorithm in that they focus on discovering the minimum coverage tree, i.e., how to cover the entire graph efficiently, while the Dijkstra algorithm focuses on optimizing the shortest path where it is not necessary to cover all the edges of the graph, but to reach all the nodes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, we have seen that the Dijkstra algorithm has problems such as negative weights for the edges, for which the Bellman-Ford or Johnson algorithms are used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dig into the world of algorithms and trading, start your quest to upgrade your knowledge of Algorithmic Trading with the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantinsti.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Executive Programme in Algorithmic Trading (EPAT)<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; a comprehensive course covering topics ranging from Statistics &amp; Econometrics to Financial Computing &amp; Technology including Machine Learning and more. Check it out&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantinsti.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Visit QuantInsti for additional insight on this topic:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.quantinsti.com\/dijkstra-algorithm\/\">https:\/\/blog.quantinsti.com\/dijkstra-algorithm\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as\u00a0Bellman-Ford\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":387,"featured_media":63588,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[339,338,350,341,344],"tags":[10788,806,10526,865,10789,10728,10787,595,10726,3913,10727],"contributors-categories":[13654],"class_list":{"0":"post-115393","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-data-science","8":"category-ibkr-quant-news","9":"category-quant-asia-pacific","10":"category-quant-development","11":"category-quant-regions","12":"tag-bellman-fords-algorithm","13":"tag-data-science","14":"tag-dijkstra-algorithm","15":"tag-github","16":"tag-johnsons-algorithm","17":"tag-math-py","18":"tag-negative-weights","19":"tag-python","20":"tag-random-py","21":"tag-social-media","22":"tag-the-graph-class","23":"contributors-categories-quantinsti"},"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115393\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as\u00a0Bellman-Ford\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IBKR Campus US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"550\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mario Pisa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mario Pisa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\n\t    \"@context\": \"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\n\t    \"@graph\": [\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"NewsArticle\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/#article\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"author\": {\n\t                \"name\": \"Mario Pisa\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f2bfe36ae4f6f088b98f90558d37ed12\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"headline\": \"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00\",\n\t            \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"wordCount\": 367,\n\t            \"publisher\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#organization\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg\",\n\t            \"keywords\": [\n\t                \"Bellman-Ford's algorithm\",\n\t                \"Data Science\",\n\t                \"Dijkstra algorithm\",\n\t                \"GitHub\",\n\t                \"Johnson's algorithm\",\n\t                \"math.py\",\n\t                \"negative weights\",\n\t                \"Python\",\n\t                \"random.py\",\n\t                \"social media\",\n\t                \"the Graph class\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"articleSection\": [\n\t                \"Data Science\",\n\t                \"Quant\",\n\t                \"Quant Asia Pacific\",\n\t                \"Quant Development\",\n\t                \"Quant Regions\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant Blog\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#website\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"primaryImageOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00\",\n\t            \"description\": \"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as\u00a0Bellman-Ford\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.\",\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ReadAction\",\n\t                    \"target\": [\n\t                        \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/\"\n\t                    ]\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/ibkr-quant-news\\\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\\\/#primaryimage\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg\",\n\t            \"contentUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg\",\n\t            \"width\": 900,\n\t            \"height\": 550,\n\t            \"caption\": \"world\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebSite\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#website\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"IBKR Campus US\",\n\t            \"description\": \"Financial Education from Interactive Brokers\",\n\t            \"publisher\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#organization\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"SearchAction\",\n\t                    \"target\": {\n\t                        \"@type\": \"EntryPoint\",\n\t                        \"urlTemplate\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"\n\t                    },\n\t                    \"query-input\": {\n\t                        \"@type\": \"PropertyValueSpecification\",\n\t                        \"valueRequired\": true,\n\t                        \"valueName\": \"search_term_string\"\n\t                    }\n\t                }\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#organization\",\n\t            \"name\": \"Interactive Brokers\",\n\t            \"alternateName\": \"IBKR\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/\",\n\t            \"logo\": {\n\t                \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n\t                \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\n\t                \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/ibkr-campus-logo.jpg\",\n\t                \"contentUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/ibkr-campus-logo.jpg\",\n\t                \"width\": 669,\n\t                \"height\": 669,\n\t                \"caption\": \"Interactive Brokers\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"publishingPrinciples\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/about-ibkr-campus\\\/\",\n\t            \"ethicsPolicy\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/cyber-security-notice\\\/\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Person\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/ibkrcampus.com\\\/campus\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f2bfe36ae4f6f088b98f90558d37ed12\",\n\t            \"name\": \"Mario Pisa\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/www.interactivebrokers.com\\\/campus\\\/author\\\/mariopisa\\\/\"\n\t        }\n\t    ]\n\t}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant","description":"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115393\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant Blog","og_description":"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as\u00a0Bellman-Ford\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/","og_site_name":"IBKR Campus US","article_published_time":"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":900,"height":550,"url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Mario Pisa","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Mario Pisa","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/"},"author":{"name":"Mario Pisa","@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#\/schema\/person\/f2bfe36ae4f6f088b98f90558d37ed12"},"headline":"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V","datePublished":"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/"},"wordCount":367,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","keywords":["Bellman-Ford's algorithm","Data Science","Dijkstra algorithm","GitHub","Johnson's algorithm","math.py","negative weights","Python","random.py","social media","the Graph class"],"articleSection":["Data Science","Quant","Quant Asia Pacific","Quant Development","Quant Regions"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/","url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/","name":"Dijkstra Algorithm \u2013 Part V | IBKR Quant Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","datePublished":"2021-12-21T16:33:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-11-21T14:50:16+00:00","description":"Dijkstra algorithm doesn\u2019t work for graphs with negative distances. Negative distances can lead to infinite cycles that must be handled by specialized algorithms such as\u00a0Bellman-Ford\u2019s algorithm or Johnson\u2019s algorithm.","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/ibkr-quant-news\/dijkstra-algorithm-part-v\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","width":900,"height":550,"caption":"world"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/","name":"IBKR Campus US","description":"Financial Education from Interactive Brokers","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#organization","name":"Interactive Brokers","alternateName":"IBKR","url":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/05\/ibkr-campus-logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/05\/ibkr-campus-logo.jpg","width":669,"height":669,"caption":"Interactive Brokers"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/about-ibkr-campus\/","ethicsPolicy":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/cyber-security-notice\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/#\/schema\/person\/f2bfe36ae4f6f088b98f90558d37ed12","name":"Mario Pisa","url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/author\/mariopisa\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.interactivebrokers.com\/campus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/10\/digital-cube-numbers.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/387"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115393\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115393"},{"taxonomy":"contributors-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibkrcampus.com\/campus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributors-categories?post=115393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}